The bill, introduced by representatives Falconer, Feist, Jordan, Acomb, Liebling, and others, seeks to modify existing mining restrictions within the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (BWCA) in Minnesota. It specifies:

1. Definition of Terms: It defines key terms like "Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness" as per federal regulations from 1975 and describes the "Rainy River headwaters" based on Minnesota's established watershed basins.

2. Intent: The bill emphasizes maintaining the BWCA primarily as a wilderness, devoid of substantial commercial activities and developments like hydroelectric dams, resorts, or timber harvesting in protected zones.

3. Mining Prohibition: It prohibits mineral exploration and mining on state-owned or administered land in the BWCA and Rainy River headwaters unless there's prior legislative approval in cases of national emergency declared by Congress. Exceptions for certain types of mining in the Rainy River headwaters (like for taconite, iron ore, sand, gravel, and granite) are permissible if determined not to be detrimental to the wilderness area.

4. Peat Harvesting Prohibition: Similar to mining, the bill bars peat harvesting in the BWCA unless a national emergency necessitates it, pending legislative approval and an investigation confirming the lack of reasonable alternatives.

5. Emergency Investigation and Determination: Should a national emergency requiring resource exploitation from the BWCA arise, the commissioner of natural resources must investigate and identify if alternatives exist. If reasonable alternatives are found, no development permit will be issued. Only if no alternatives are found, and with state legislature approval, can resource exploitation proceed.

6. State Wilderness Designation: The bill designates state-owned lands in the BWCA as state wilderness areas, ensuring further protection under specific state regulations.

This legislation aims to uphold the ecological integrity and wilderness value of the BWCA while allowing for exceptions in critical national situations, ensuring that any impactful activities like mining or peat harvesting are heavily scrutinized and regulated.