HF705 (Legislative Session 94 (2025-2026))
Deadly force and self-defense provisions clarified, and duty to retreat eliminated.
Related bill: SF311
AI Generated Summary
This bill deals with the use of force, particularly deadly force, in self-defense situations in Minnesota. It clarifies and extends existing laws regarding self-defense and defense of one's home. Key changes include:
No Retreat Obligation: In situations of self-defense outside of the home, the common "duty to retreat" is removed. This means an individual doesn't have to try to escape before using force to defend themselves.
Expanded Definition of Dwelling: The definition of "dwelling" (which includes places like homes, tents, or vehicles where people live) is broadened for self-defense purposes.
Presumptions for Home and Vehicle Defense: There is a legal presumption that a person has a reasonable belief of a threat if someone enters their dwelling or vehicle by stealth or force. This helps justify the use of force in these scenarios.
Legal Protections: The bill provides specific legal protections for individuals using force under justified circumstances, making it challenging to prosecute them if they were acting in self-defense.
Criminal Investigation and Prosecution: Law enforcement must consider self-defense claims before arresting individuals, and in criminal trials, the state must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant's actions were not justifiable when evidence of justifiable use of force is presented.
Overall, the bill aims to strengthen and clarify the rights of individuals to defend themselves and their homes against attacks or intrusions without the obligation to retreat, especially in their personal living spaces. It also sets legal guidelines and presumptions that support those rights.
Bill text versions
- Introduction PDF file
Actions
| Date | Chamber | Where | Type | Name | Committee Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| February 12, 2025 | House | Floor | Action | Introduction and first reading, referred to | Public Safety Finance and Policy |
Citations
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning court orders for protection.",
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"summary": "The bill references existing provisions related to the justifiable use of force.",
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"analysis": {
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"summary": "The bill references an existing definition related to dwellings.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning murder in the first degree.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning murder in the second degree.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning assault in the first degree.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning assault in the second degree.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning assault in the third degree.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning criminal sexual conduct in the first degree.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning criminal sexual conduct in the second degree.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning arson in the first degree.",
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"analysis": {
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"summary": "The bill references existing provisions concerning burglary in various degrees.",
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning robbery.",
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"analysis": {
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning robbery.",
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"analysis": {
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision concerning kidnapping.",
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{
"analysis": {
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"summary": "The bill references an existing provision defining great bodily harm and substantial bodily harm.",
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"citation": "609.02"
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